American Philosophy Essay example -- essays research papers

John Dewey was an American psychologist, philosopher, educator, social critic and political activist. He was born in Burlington, Vermont, on October 20, 1859. Dewey graduated from the University of Vermont in 1879, and received his PhD from Johns Hopkins University in 1884. He started his career at the University of Michigan, teaching there from 1884 to 1888 and 1889-1894, with a one year term at the University of Minnesota in 1888. In 1894 he became the lead of the department of philosophy, psychology, and pedagogy at the University of Chicago. In 1899, John Dewey was elected president of the American Psychological Association, and in 1905 he became president of the American Philosophical Association. Dewey taught at Columbia University from 1905 until he retired in 1930, and occasionally taught as professor emeritus until 1939.During his years at Columbia he traveled the world as a philosopher, social and political theorist, and commandal consultant. Among his major journeys are his lectures in Japan and China from 1919 to 1921, his visit to Turkey in 1924 to recommend educational policy, and a crook of schools in the USSR in 1928. Of course, Dewey never ignored American social issues. He was outspoken on education, domestic and international politics, and numerous social movements. Among the many concerns that attracted Deweys confirm were womens suffrage, progressive education, educators rights, the Humanistic movement, and world peace. Dewey died in New York City on June 1, 1952.In one of John Deweys essay titled What I Believe, he goes in details about his new faith. Dewey explains that this new faith was based around individual come and not with doctrines of authority. In Deweys eyes, he feels that by following a faith of authority volume will soon lose their faith in the power of experience that shapes beliefs and actions. There is a billet in the essay that shows Deweys belief that the new faith is based around experience not authority faith in its newer sense signifies that experience itself is the sole ultimate authority. Dewey also expresses that when people start having faith in a particular religion they believe what others are telling them and not finding real faith and beliefs through their own experiences. So people need to find faith through experiencing life and not just joining a religion because someone told... ...d James pragmatism talks a lot about individuals take inedness through experience and expands on it and talks about gaining association through experience.I enjoyed learning about Emerson that most because he talks a lot about the enormousness of thinking for yourself and not letting people tell you what you should learn and know. I feel that Emerson was right in giving his speeches to college students about not being sucked in the society of following orders, but learning from past and present experiences to be an individual. I feel that the overall material discussed in this course was very i nformative and interesting to learn about. Many of the philosophers discussed the importance of being an individual and doing what you as a person believes is right. But they also discussed issues with education which is a very important topic too. I feel that education is to instructional at times too, and I feel that teachers should allow for their students to learn through experience, because I feel that leaves a bigger impact then uniform instruction. So I really feel that this course taught me a lot about philosophy and a lot about how to be an individual and how to learn through experience.

How to Protect Yourself from Chikan :: Essays Papers

How to Protect Yourself from ChikanAll trains and sub steerings in Tokyo and other cities slightly Tokyo are terribly crowded during rush hour. In addition to the crowds on trains, young female passengers welcome to go through one more trial on a train. They must protect themselves from Chikans, men who touch women on the train. Women who are working or studying in Tokyo have to keep three things in mind when they are on a train how to avoid meeting Chikans, how to protect themselves, and how to protect their friends.First, young women should try not to conduct lines or trains which have a high possibility of meeting Chikans. Needless to say, Chikans seldom appear on trains which are not crowded. Accordingly, the best way to avoid Chikans is to avoid taking crowded trains. However, women have to take crowded trains during rush hour to arrive at their offices or schools on time. Though they cannot choose the time of the trains, they can choose which line they should take. In gener al, women meet Chikans more frequently when they take private lines, the subways, or JR lines. They especially have to be cognisant of some lines which have a bad reputation among young women. For example, the Odakyu line is one of the most crowded trains. We have all kinds of schools, including high-level, low-level, and public schools along the Odakyu line, and many another(prenominal) women, especially female students, track down to meet Chikans on this line. I met ones who were male students of a certain school when I was a high school student. In contrast, many schools along the subways in the center part of Tokyo are high-level or expensive private schools, and women do not meet Chikans very(prenominal) much on these lines. The Inogashira line is also famous among women for Chikans. Many young people use this line to go to Shibuya, which is the most popular place in Tokyo. Some of my friends told me that some men use this line only to touch women. Because of these reasons, I often use other lines to go to Tokyo.Next, many young women tend to put up with Chikans silently when they are on a train alone. However, they should protect themselves from Chikans by following three steps. First, if you think that someone is touching you, gambling your head slowly and look at his hand to make sure that he is really a Chikan.

Symbolism in J.D. Salinger’s The Catcher in the Rye Essay -- The Catch

Many raws cannot be fully understood and appreciated if only read for face value, and J.D. Salingers The backstop in the rye whiskey is no exception. The abundant use of symbolism in Salingers The backstop in the Rye is of such significance that it proclaims itself in the very title of the novel (Trowbridge par. 1). If the symbolism in this novel is studied closely, there should be no astonishment in learning that The Catcher in the Rye took approximately ten years to write and was originally twice its present length. J.D. Salinger uses copious amountsof symbolism in his novel to accurately convey the feelings of his main character, Holden, and, in essence, to reveal entropy pertaining to human sentiment. Many of these symbols contain irony, multiple meanings, and varying degrees of complexity. Through the comprehension of Salingers unique symbolism, however, The Catcher in the Rye can be real understood and appreciated.The character of Holden Caulfield is a powerful symbol himse lf which represents people as they truly are. Holden can be related to by anyone he is occasionally silly, irritating, thoughtless, and irresponsible. He judges others without a second thought and builds his perception of people according to the things that he deems to be phony. Holden Caulfield is representative of idealism. He sees the difference between what is and what ought to be and is fazed enough by this to take action. The name Holden can be phonetically interpreted as meaning hold on, but what is it that Holden is holding on to? The Catcher in the Rye is the tale, from Holdensperspective, of the three days following his removal from his prep school, Pencey, and the wisdom that comes during his venture.One of the first enc... ...nguage Quarterly 25.4 (1964) 461. Print.Edwards, Duane. Dont Ever Tell Anybody Anything. ELH 44.3 (1977) 554-65. JSTOR. Web. 20 Apr. 2009.Foran, Donald. A Doubletake on Holden Caulfield. The English Journal 57.7 (1968) 977-79. JSTOR. Web. 18 Apr. 2 009.Miller, Edwin. In Memoriam Allie Caulfield in The Catcher in the Rye. EBSCOhost. 2000. Web. 22 Apr. 2009.Privitera, Lisa. Holdens Irony in Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Explicator 66.4 (2008) 203-06. Print.Salinger, J. D. The Catcher in the Rye. Boston Little, Brown, 2001. Print.Svogun, Margaret D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Explicator 61.2 (2003) 110. Print.Takeuchi, Yasuhiro. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye. Explicator 60.3 (2002) 164. Print.Trowbridge, Clinton W. The Symbolic Structure of The Catcher in the Rye. EBSCOhost. 2000. Web. 17 Apr. 2009.

Beach Burial Essay -- English Literature

Beach entombmentBeach Burial says only that men die and are buried. Is this a fair paygrade of the poem?Beach Burial is a poem which deals with many issues, not only aboutmen dying and being buried. This is by no means a fair evaluation ofthe poem. The poem in actual fact deals with the problems in war, andit encases a hidden meaning, which is equality.This poem dwells heavily on the problems in war. It describes how highthe death toll is for both(prenominal) sides. Slessor uses convoys of deadsailors to show that all these dead bodys are very much alike, withtheir movements and feelings being the same. It also outlines a majorproblem in war, being able to identify and bury they dead properly.And each cross, the driven stake of tide-wood, bears the lastsignature of m...

The Facade of Civilization Explored in Heart of Darkness and Heart of t

The Facade of polish Explored in core of Darkness and Heart of the liaison Heart of Darkness and The Heart of the Matter afford glimpses into the human psyche, explorations deep into human nature. In each, the frailty of the facade we call civilization is broken, by imper commodeent forces portrayed by Conrad and inseparable ones by Greene. In both stories there is one who falls pray to corruption and one who is witness both submerse in forces that will not be silenced or reasoned with. Wilson sat on the balcony of the Bedford Hotel with his bald pink knees thrust against the ironwork. He looked out toward the naval - past the spire of the church service thrust into the sky in defiance of the uniform serrated, tin roof-line of the huts clustered around the shore, past the bronze glimmering bleak bodies of the inhabitants toiling through the midday heat, toting woven grass baskets and gray baked clay urns upon their heads - to the tranquility that lay serious out of c lasp, toward the calm that rested good above the water and just below the sky an ephemeral space one could put his finger upon on land but which always alluded one, move just out of grasp when upon the sea. A foreign ship in the bay began taking down the sails to anchor, awaiting another day of futile searches for hidden diamonds. The circumstance sun draped the tin roofs with a golden gilt which overflowed and dripped to the sand below, creating a landscape worthy of Midas himself, if only for a few seconds. Excuse me, a voice said, arent you Wilson? He looked up at a middle-aged man who stared back from a sunken, yellowed face. Yes, thats me May I join you? My names Marlow. A passing(prenominal) glance provides a partner off s... ...the Matter. New York Penguin, 1993. Guerard, Albert J. The Journey Within in Heart of Darkness. New York Norton, 1988. pp 243-250. Kiernan, V. G. From Conquest to Collapse European Empires from 1815-1960. New York Pantheon Books, 1982. Le nin, Vladimer. Imperialism The Highest Stage of Capitalism, pp. 153-63. Marxism natural Writings. Ed. David McLellan. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1988. Megroz, R. L. Joseph Conrads Mind and Method. London Faber & Faber Ltd., 1963. Rich, capital of Minnesota B. Race and Empire in British Politics. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1986. Sandison, Alan. The Wheel of Empire. New York St. Martins Press, 1967. Semmel, Bernard. Imperialism and Social Reform. Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1960. Thornton, A. P. The Imperial Idea and its Enemies. New York St. Martins Press, 1985. The Facade of Civilization Explored in Heart of Darkness and Heart of tThe Facade of Civilization Explored in Heart of Darkness and Heart of the Matter Heart of Darkness and The Heart of the Matter afford glimpses into the human psyche, explorations deep into human nature. In each, the frailty of the facade we call civilization is broken, by external forces portrayed by Conrad and internal ones by Greene. In both stories there is one who falls pray to corruption and one who is witness both submerged in forces that will not be silenced or reasoned with. Wilson sat on the balcony of the Bedford Hotel with his bald pink knees thrust against the ironwork. He looked out toward the ocean - past the spire of the church thrust into the sky in defiance of the uniform serrated, tin roof-line of the huts clustered around the shore, past the bronze glimmering naked bodies of the inhabitants toiling through the midday heat, toting woven grass baskets and gray baked clay urns upon their heads - to the tranquility that lay just out of grasp, toward the calm that rested just above the water and just below the sky an ephemeral space one could put his finger upon on land but which always alluded one, slipping just out of grasp when upon the sea. A foreign ship in the bay began taking down the sails to anchor, awaiting another day of futile searches for hidden diamonds. The setting sun draped the tin roofs with a golden gilt which overflowed and dripped to the sand below, creating a landscape worthy of Midas himself, if only for a few seconds. Excuse me, a voice said, arent you Wilson? He looked up at a middle-aged man who stared back from a sunken, yellowed face. Yes, thats me May I join you? My names Marlow. A cursory glance provides a couple s... ...the Matter. New York Penguin, 1993. Guerard, Albert J. The Journey Within in Heart of Darkness. New York Norton, 1988. pp 243-250. Kiernan, V. G. From Conquest to Collapse European Empires from 1815-1960. New York Pantheon Books, 1982. Lenin, Vladimer. Imperialism The Highest Stage of Capitalism, pp. 153-63. Marxism Essential Writings. Ed. David McLellan. Oxford Oxford University Press, 1988. Megroz, R. L. Joseph Conrads Mind and Method. London Faber & Faber Ltd., 1963. Rich, Paul B. Race and Empire in British Politics. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1986. Sandison, Alan. The Wheel of Empire. New York St. Martins Press, 1967. Semmel, Bernard. Imperialism and Social Reform. Cambridge Harvard University Press, 1960. Thornton, A. P. The Imperial Idea and its Enemies. New York St. Martins Press, 1985.

Who is Monica Lewinsky? :: essays research papers

Is Monica simply a hapless White House intern caught in the middle of a media created scandal started by Linda Tripp. Monica Lewinsky is a 24 year old graduate of Lewis and Clark University in Oregon. Daughter of a Democratic endorser she was easily able to get an intern position in the White Horse. Some of Lewinskys friends have said that she only took the intern position to sleep with substantial people. If the recent news reports are true Monica Lewinsky got what she was looking for. Linda Tripp has over 17 tapes of her discussions with Monica Lewinsky describing her sexual relations with President Bill Clinton. Linda Tripp was a high ranking court assistant formerly of the White House, and now of the Pentagon. In an unusual twist Tripp also happens to be the last person to see Vince Foster alive Kathleen Willey, other person all(prenominal)eged to have had sexual relations with Bill Clinton, is the one that gave Kenneth Starr Linda Tripps name as a possible witness in the Paula Jones sexual agony civil suit.None of this would have been much of a problem had Monica Lewinsky had not told Tripp that Bill Clinton and Vernon Jordan instructed her to lie about the affair with Clinton. Supposedly Linda Tripp has Monica alleging this on tape. These tapes if finally released to the earth should prove to be quite titillating, Monica Lewinsky claims that Clinton was very fond of oral sex and that she it to him on a number of occasions. It has been alleged by various news organizations that a secret service agent actually caught Lewinsky and Clinton in the act. It has also been alleged that Monica Lewinsky has a blue semen stained dress which, if true, would be direct deoxyribonucleic acid evidence of the affair. But it still would not prove obstruction of justice. If that was ever proven it could be an impeachable offence, a sexual scandal probably would not fill to the impeachment of Bill Clinton. If not then it will simply be a source of Bill Clinton joke s.In a new twist on all of this Attorney Terry Giles client Andy Bleiler claims to have evidence relavent to the case. He also claims that Monica Lewinsky and he were lovers when he taught her at the Lewis and Clark University in Oregon. It is possible that Monica Lewinsky gave him documents and presents that Clinton had given her.

Who is Monica Lewinsky? :: essays research papers

Is Monica simply a hapless White House houseman caught in the middle of a media created scandal started by Linda Tripp. Monica Lewinsky is a 24 year old graduate of Lewis and Clark University in Oregon. Daughter of a Democratic ratifier she was easily able to get an intern position in the White Horse. Some of Lewinskys friends have said that she only took the intern position to sleep with fundamental people. If the recent news reports are true Monica Lewinsky got what she was looking for. Linda Tripp has over 17 tapes of her discussions with Monica Lewinsky describing her sexual relations with President Bill Clinton. Linda Tripp was a high ranking constitution assistant formerly of the White House, and now of the Pentagon. In an unusual twist Tripp also happens to be the last person to see Vince Foster alive Kathleen Willey, some other person alleged to have had sexual relations with Bill Clinton, is the one that gave Kenneth Starr Linda Tripps name as a possible witness in the Paula Jones sexual bedevilment civil suit.None of this would have been much of a problem had Monica Lewinsky had not told Tripp that Bill Clinton and Vernon Jordan instructed her to lie about the affair with Clinton. Supposedly Linda Tripp has Monica alleging this on tape. These tapes if finally released to the man should prove to be quite titillating, Monica Lewinsky claims that Clinton was very fond of oral sex and that she it to him on a number of occasions. It has been alleged by various news organizations that a secret service agent actually caught Lewinsky and Clinton in the act. It has also been alleged that Monica Lewinsky has a blue semen stained dress which, if true, would be direct desoxyribonucleic acid evidence of the affair. But it still would not prove obstruction of justice. If that was ever proven it could be an impeachable offence, a sexual scandal probably would not eliminate to the impeachment of Bill Clinton. If not then it will simply be a source of Bill Cli nton jokes.In a new twist on all of this Attorney Terry Giles client Andy Bleiler claims to have evidence relavent to the case. He also claims that Monica Lewinsky and he were lovers when he taught her at the Lewis and Clark University in Oregon. It is possible that Monica Lewinsky gave him documents and presents that Clinton had given her.

Importance of manners

address are the buildings blocks, of character they build and construct the character and present it as a model or a diamond in front of others, it gives rising shining respect to you. Manners are very useful and even free of cost, lust use them and get benefit from them, by good manners you can get under ones skin respect In front of others manners also means respecting others and by respecting others we are respecting ourselves.Manners can be adopted by following footsteps f those persons who good manners, act as they act live as they live one day you get out also have priceless manners rich for your respect Without manners life can be difficult and many problems can come In front of you, Manners doesnt really deal with religion. It Is a part of the human characterless. Everyone either has good or sturdy manners. Having manners will let people respect you. They will be kind towards you and they wont hesitate to talk or be your friend.A person with good manners is honored everyw here while a person with bad manners is spoken about badly. A person with bad manners will have people treat him as if he is a magical spell of trash that they wont even bother to look at. Theyll think that your parents didnt bring you up. Also, the Prophet pub had amassable wonderful manners. The Prophet pub is the example to all Muslims. We all are say to have good manners. It will help take you far in life.

Hope Leslie Essay

In the novel, anticipate Leslie, Catherine Maria Sedgwick uses personal analysis as well as historical information to bring forth an uncannily realistic tale of ro globece, racial prejudice and religion. Throughout the book, Sedgwick emphasizes dealings amidst the Native American peoples and the European Americans living in Massachusetts in the 1640s.She is able to do this specifically with the characters of Magawisca, the Native American slave with the will of a lioness, Everell Fletcher, the handsome a lot wanted white male protagonist, desire Leslie, a strong headed young woman who symbolizes modernism in the piece and Esther D featureing, Hope Leslies literary foil. Through the races amid Everell and each of the three female protagonists, Magawisca, Esther and Hope, Sedgwick stresses that the relations amidst Native Americans and Americans will never be fully amiable due to religious, societal, natural influences.The first relationship of the three relationships that at omic number 18 mentioned in the written material is that of Everell and Magawisca. Sedgwick uses the mother, Mrs. Fletcher, to introduce this young love between the white boy and his Native American acquaintance in a letter to Mr. Everell while he is away(p) from their home at Bethel. The boy doth greatly affect the comp either of the Pequod girl, Magawisca, she writes, He hath taught her how to read (32).This action between the two children shows Magawisca gradually assimilating into the American social club and thus, becoming more Americanized and less savage as literacy is considered a civilized ability. As Magawisca dismisses the basic principles of Puritanism, however, it is clear that there is a definitive divide between the Native American and her new familys beliefs. As religious tenets are defining features of a person and his or her background, Magawisca can never completely bear the American ways without acknowledging the religion.Thus, the relations between her and E verell will not be able to last due to their difference in. Thus, religious differences create adversities in the relationship and ultimately attribute its failure. Mrs. Fletcher directly highlights the fact that the relationship will inevitably fail when she compares the two adolescents to plants Two young plants that have sprung up in cosy neighborhood, may be separated while young but if disjoined after their fibers are all intertwined, one, or perchance both, may perish (33).This narrative implies that nature will undoubtedly separate the Everell and Magawisca in the rising and the longer they stay together, the more difficult it will be for each of them to survive when they are torn apart. The emphasis on the fact that nature will tear the Native American and the white boy apart is particularly interesting because towards the ending of the book Sedgwick brings up the relation between nature and love when speaking about Everell and Hope.In the later case, however, Sedgwick w rites, Nature will rejoice in reciprocated love, beneath whatever adversities it comes (351). This contradictory statement brings to light the idea that reciprocal love between and American and Native Indian will never last no matter how strong the connection is, yet reciprocal love between two Americans will last no matter how many hardships the couple face. ground on Sedgwicks blatant double-standards, it is clear that relations between the same races are favored, creating yet another issue between Native American and etiolate relations.As the novel progresses, Everell encounters another relationship except this time with Esther Downing. though this kinship does not directly involve a Native American counterpart, the future diminishment of this bond is directly based on Native American-white relations specifically concerning Magawisca. When Magawisca is apprehended after meeting with Hope Leslie, she is captured on the grounds that she is suspected of cosmos an active agent in brewing the conspiracy forming against the white people among the Indian tribes(245).Therefore she is solely arrested on the basis of suspicion, not proof, and only because of her racial affiliations and the distrust surrounding the Native American peoples at the time. It is this imprisonment of Magawisca that proceeds to highlight the differences between Everell and Esther and future accentuates the fact that relations between the two races will never be completely peaceful. The reactions both Everell and Esther have towards the situation seem to be the same, however the way each of them handle it show that no matter how much the Americans want to have faithful relations with the Natives it will not work.Once Magawisca is imprisoned Everell tried to enlist the help of Esther to free her however, Esther believes that they had not scripture indorsement for interfering between the prisoner and the magistrates (292) implying, that she was too morally and religiously strict to free Magawisca without consent to do so. It wasnt that Esther disliked Magawisca, in fact, she plainly tell that those who love Everell need no know this maiden to feel that they would save her life at the expense of their own, if they might do it (293).The restriction on the loyal and amicable friendship both Esther and Magawisca could share was not hindered by distaste for one another, but instead because of strict religious views and moral conduct. This dissent between Everells wishes and Esthers duty brings about the notion that there was a painful discord between them (293) and they are limpidly not compatible. The final relationship, between Everell and Hope, shed a positive light the fact that white relations with Native Americans could in fact be successful.Magawiscas freedom gave both Everell and Hope a mutual cause to fight for and finally allowed them to express the feelings they had suppressed for so long. She pushed both parties to reveal their true love for each other. As k you own heart, Hope Leslie, if any charm could win your affections from Everell Fletcher? (350). These lines not only instigated a relationship between two soul mates but also support a very close relationship between Hope and Magawisca. This gesture paralleled what Hope did to Esther when she let Esther have a relationship with Everell even though she love him.It is evident that Magawisca still has feelings for Everell by her reactions to seeing him An involuntary exclamation burst from her lips and then shuddering at this exposure of her feelings, she hastily gathered together the moccasins that were strewn oer the floor, dropped a pair at Hopes feet, and darted away (193). Her burst of emotions and flustered actions prove she had feelings for Everell and by sacrificing those feelings for Hopes happiness, she is delineating that she is in fact, just as favourable of a friend to Hope as Hope is to Esther.Thus, the relations between Indians and Americans can in fact occur with the upmost loyalty and respect. Though Hope and Everells relationship does indicate that the two races can coexist in harmony, Magawisca still makes it clear that thought the individuals may be on good terms, their society as a whole is not by dutifully stating the law of vengeance is written on our hearts the Indian and the white man can no more mingle, and become one, than day and night (349).The revengeful nature the Native Americans still associate with the white peoples of Massachusetts still trumps any possible platonic or affable relations between the two races. Thus, societal influence once again hinders harmony. Through each of the three relationships it is evident that good relations between the Indians and the Americans may only exist if the mindset of all parties involved is modernist and accepting of all races.In addition, Sedgwick also determines, with the relationship of Faith, Hopes sister, and Oneco, Magawiscas brother, that if one of the lovers in the relationship completely assimilates into the culture of the other, a healthy, loving kinship may blossom. Though Sedgwick does portray Native American people in relatively positive light throughout the novel, through her delineation of forbidden and accepted love, she makes it evident that the cultural and ideological barriers between Americans and the American Indians cannot ever be completely lifted.

Biblical Archaeology: Dating Techniques

As our civilization grows, there is also a growing passion for knowledge of the past. archeology is fast becoming whiz of the popular sciences. Most archeological finds ar composed of shreds of pottery or ceramics. As archeology and modern science get on many dating proficiencys are being developed to be used on these fragile artefacts in ordain to give us a apprise glimpse of our past. Many techniques are now available which every last(predicate)ow the detailed physical and chemical characterization of ceramic artefacts.Given a suitable archeological ensample it is now possible to determine many aspects of technology, provenance, and, in some cases, its use. Several dating techniques used in archeology are superposition, artifacts of known age, stratigraphy, dendrochronology and thermoluminescence. This paper shall counseling on Ceramic Analysis using three of these techniques Dendrochronology, Radiocarbon dating and Thermoluminescence. Carbon 14 Radiocarbon dating or Carbo n-14 dating is the last of the figure age of an ancient object, such as an archaeological specimen, by measu knell the amount of carbon 14 it contains.Radiocarbon dating was disc everyplaceed by a police squad of scientists led by Prof. Willard Libby of the University of Chicago after World War II. Since plants and animals take up carbon-14 during their lifetime. The amount of carbon-14 in them exists in equilibrium with the C14 concent dimensionn of the melodic line and the ratio of C-14 to C-12 remains about the same as the ratio in the atmosphere. As soon as a plant or animal dies, they cease the metabolic function of carbon uptake there is no replenishment of radioactive carbon, all decay.This rate of decay was calculated by Libbys team to be 5568 years per half-life, this means that half the C14 in the original sample ordain have decayed after 5568 years and after another 5568 years, half of that be material will have decayed, and so on. This rate of decay is what is no w know as Libbys half-life which he measured at 556830 years. The true proceeds of the radiocarbon method acting is its capability to be uniformly applied throughout the world , this is probably the primary reason why it is one of the most widely used and best-known absolute dating methods.However, it is not without its flaws, radiocarbon dating has the following limitations 1. that after 10 half-lives there is a really small amount of radioactive carbon present in a sample, at about 50,000-60,000 years radiocarbon dating becomes inaccurate. 2. the ratio of C-14 to C-12 in the atmosphere is not constant. This version is due to changes in the intensity of the cosmic radiation therapy bombardment of the Earth, the 1950s nuclear testing and the depletion of the Ozone layer.3. in rare cases, a beginning effect will give C-14 dates that are much older than the true age of the sample because some plants and animals live in very unusual environments whose C-14 case is much lower than normal. 4. Contamination of the sample also limits the accuracy of Radiocarbon dating as when porous samples contain recently living material with a full charge of C-14. Finally, Radiocarbon dating can scarcely be used on living organisms. DendrochronologyDendrochronology is the science that uses tree sound dated to their train year of formation to analyze temporal and spatial patterns of processes in the physical and cultural sciences. Its main function in archaeology is to use tree rings to date when timber was felled, transported, processed, or used for construction or wooden artefacts such as a beam or pole of an ancient structure. The prescript substructure using tree-rings is that tree-ring sequences from trees that grow in a seasonal climate, i. e., with one growth increment per year, with the size of that growth dependent upon some climatic stimulant drug such as cold in the Polar regions, drought in the Aegean, and various combinations of the two stimuli in regions in between, can be compared so that these increments, much popularly known as rings, can be dated to the calendar year in which they were formed. Aside from the principle of using tree-rings, the use of Dendrochronology is governed by some(prenominal) other principles, these set of scientific rules must be adhered to in order for the result to be flawless.There is the Uniformitarian Principle which states that physical and biological processes that link current environmental processes with current patterns of tree growth must have been in operation in the past, the Principle of Limiting Factors which states that rates of plant processes are constrained by the primary environmental variable that is most limiting, The Principle of Aggregate Tree Growth which states that any individual tree-growth series can be decomposed into an aggregate of environmental factors, both human and natural, that affected the patterns of tree growth over time, The Principle of Ecological Amplitude stat ing that a specie of trees may grow and reproduce over a certain(a) range of habitats, referred to as its ecological amplitude, the Principle of Sites Selection which states that hat sites useful to dendrochronology can be identified and selected based on criteria that will produce tree-ring series sensitive to the environmental variable being examined, the Principle of Cross-dating which states that matching patterns in ring widths or other ring characteristics (such as ring density patterns) among several tree-ring series allow the identification of the exact year in which each tree ring was formed. and the Principle of Replication which states that the environmental prognosticate being investigated can be maximized, and the amount of noise minimized, by sampling more than one stem radius per tree, and more than one tree per site, the screening of which is not limited to Dendrochronology only.The methodology used in Dendrochronology is cross-dating, or matching patterns of ri ng-growth from one tree to another and assigning rings to specific years, however, this possible only among trees growing in the same general climatic region. The good thing about dendrochronology on the other hand, is that cross-dating can sometimes be achieved in offend of human interference to ring-growth such as thinning of stands, resin-gathering, fire damage, and other traumas such as severe weather effects, pollution or lightning damage, not to quote shaping of the wood at the time of construction and decay afterward. Furthermore, visual and statistical techniques are employed to guarantee the accuracy of the matches and in addition to simplex ring-width analysis, X-ray densitometric methods are used to reconstruct past environmental conditions.It is also possible that wood or charcoal samples taken from standing buildings or excavated from archaeological sites be crossdated with each other and with wood from living trees to extend the tree-ring chronology beyond the date of the oldest ring of the oldest living tree in the region. Scientists believe that the best advantage of dendrochronology is that it is the only archaeometric technique where determination of absolute dates accurate to the year is either theoretically or practically possible, but, just like any other method of dating artefacts, it suffers from several limitations. The following limits the use or accuracy of Dendrochronology 1. in some areas of the world, get goingicularly in the tropics, the species available do not have sufficiently distinct seasonal patterns that can be used 2.in cases where the right species are available, the wood must be well enough preserved that the rings are readable to the point that there must be at least 30 intact rings on any one sample. 3. in order to produce an accurate result, it is necessary to have samples of timber that retained their bark, so that it is clear which ring was the outermost when it was felled. 4. it can only be used if there is an existing master strip for that area and species if the only master chronology available for the region is oak, cross-matching with timbers of these other species cannot be relied on. 5. use of this technique is also limited on how far back in the past things can be dated with tree rings although bristle cone pine trees can live to 9,000 years, this is a very rare phenomenon. 6.sapwood is highly susceptible to decay particularly by beetle larvae and as a result all sapwood may have been withdraw from the accessible surfaces of timbers during building repairs and conservation work, making it impossible to determine when the timber was felled. 7. it may give inaccurate results on the actual date of the structure if it so happens that the date the timber was felled is not necessarily the date that the building was constructed or that the timber used was imported from another area. 8. in some places, prehistoric heap may have built their structures using timber however, in most of the world that did not begin to happen until about 4,000 to 5,000 years ago.Thermoluminiscence Thermoluminescence dating is the determination by means of measuring the accumulated radiation dose of the time elapsed since the material containing crystalline minerals was either heated or exposed to sunlight. The application ranges from Lower Paleolithic to Neolithic archaeological sites, with a major focus on the Middle Paleolithic, which is often beyond the range of the radiocarbon method. The principle behind this unique dating technique is based on the storage of information about the absorbed radiation in inorganic crystals. It is based on morphological damage and faults to the crystal lattice of minerals by ionizing radiation.The sources for this omnipresent radiation are radioactive nuclides from the surrounding sediment and from the sample itself, as well as utility(prenominal) cosmic rays. Thus a radiation dose accumulates in the crystal in the form of electrons in excited st ates, of which some are metastable and and then resident over periods of time long enough to allow a dating application. During the first heating of the artefact, if the temperature is high enough (400 C), the drainage is sufficient to unloose all electrons relevant to the luminescence method used that is, the clock is set to zero and through the years it starts to accumulate natural radiation, upon its second heating it releases all this stored radiation in terms of thermoluminescent light.The released light is then correlated to the absorbed radiation which is then correlated to the archeological age. In practice, knowledge of the composition of the artefact is of importance since the nature or chemical composition of it, as explained above, determines the amount of natural radioisotopes present in it. These natural radioisotopes are responsible for the greater part of the radiation that is absorbed. If the composition of the artefact is known, then the archeological age of the artefact can be computed by using the total amount of absorbed radiation divided by the absorbed dose through internal and external radiation per year. The greatest advantage of Thermoluminescence dating over other methods is not only the direct association of the event with past human activity on a linear time scale, but also its smaller vulnerability to mystical variation of certain parameters. However, Thermoluminescence dating is still prone to errors and inaccuracies. The evaluation and publishing of results must be done with due care and must meet with certain standards which includes the presentation of glow curves, heating- and DE-plateaus, growth curve(s) and the determination of the alpha sensitivity of each sample. Also, equal care has to be taken in the evaluation of parameters prone to variation with time. ConclusionEach of the three dating techniques discussed has its own peculiar way of finding the archaeological era that a sample was created or may have died Radioca rbon depends on decay, Dendrochronology depends upon growth and thermoluminescence depends upon absorption. The three techniques however different they may be are still connected by a linear timeline, when the accuracy of one technique ends, another begins. Dendrochronology can only be used as long as there are master strips which may reach only up to a maximum of 9,000 years old, results obtained through Radiocarbon, on the other hand, can only be accurate up to 50,000-60,000 years old while Thermoluminescence dating ranges from 10,000 to 230,000 years old. The three dating techniques discussed have their own advantages and disadvantages.In the end, the scientist is the one who weighs all the pros and the cons of any technique and he is presumption the discretion on what technique to use which he thinks is more appropriate and shall give out more accurate findings. BIBLIOGRAPHY Berger, Thomas. Thermoluminescence Dating A Brief Overview. http//www. ati. ac. at/vanaweb/papers/archvi ew. pdf Fagan, Brian M. and George H. Michaels. Dating Techniques in Archaeology. http//www. mc. maricopa. edu/dept/d10/asb/anthro2003/archy/dating/datingtech. htmlDendrochronology Freestone, Ian. Ceramic Analysis. http//ads. ahds. ac. uk/catalogue/adsdata/cbaoccpap/pdf/117/11710001. pdf Grissino-Mayer, Henri D. Principles of Dendrochronology. http//web. utk. edu/grissino/principles. htm Higham, Thomas. The Method. http//www. c14dating. com/int. html Hirst, Kris K.Radiocarbon Dating Method. http//archaeology. about. com/od/rterms/g/radiocarbon. htm Kuniholm, Peter Ian. Dendrochronology. http//www. arts. cornell. edu/dendro/ajatext. html Richter, Daniel. Advantages and Limitations of Thermoluminescence of het up Flint from Paleolithic Sites. http//www. eva. mpg. de/evolution/staff/richter/pdf/07-RichterGeoarchaeology. pdf Robinson, B. A. How does Carbon-14 Dating (C-14) Work? Is it Accurate and Reliable?. http//www. religioustolerance. org/c14dats. htm Taylor, Jonathan. Dendrochrono logy in Dating Timber Framed Building and Structures. http//www. buildingconservation. com/articles/dendrochron/dendro. htm

How to Tell Renata Essay

Relationship DevelopmentRenata is my mother-though Ive never c bothed her anything but Renata for as enormous as I can remember- and this is the way shes always crosst with things. By ignoring them. Maybe its because shes been on her own, except for me, pretty much all of her life and there was never anyone else for her to talk toRenatas OK as far as small things go, but keeps quiet on anything large and frightening. This is how I see it-she must think if the scary stuff is pushed to some far, webby corner of her cranium, shrouded and silent, then perhaps it doesnt in truth existJacinda and Renata carry on a peculiar relationship between them. They had a stronger relationship between the two dramatic changes in her life. One was Jacindas father and Renatas maintain leaving and the second was Renatas boyfriend Jerry. Now their relationship towards each other is very shaky. Renata is my mother-though Ive never called her anything but Renata for as long as I can remember. This quote shows the formality between Renata and Jacinda and how they were never really close.Renata is afraid of reality and she is not afraid to let Jacinda know that. She thinks that if she doesnt deal with the problems and ignore them they will just go away. She must think if the scary stuff is pushed to some far, webby corner of her cranium, shrouded and silent, then perhaps it doesnt really exist From this quote I have come to the conclusion that Renata is hesitant on confronting her fears and that she takes Jacindas relationship with her for granted.

Research and Account Essay

ii carers were moving a service drug user from a bed to a chair using a hoist. they placed the hoist lance underneath the service user and then attached it to the hoist. Whilst the hoist was stationary one carer turned away to pick up the service users slippers and as a result the service user fell forward to the ground. The service user suffered wounds on their scalp and bruising to their head. The service user was taken to hospital moreover passed away 10 days posterior. It was found that the sling loop fixings were wrongly adjusted and a safety pommel was not used. In this chronicle the carers were lacking in training and guidance to use the hoist from the company they worked for.One carer was not focused on the riddle of the service user cosmos in hoist as she took on another task to get the slippers which meant she wasnt aware of what the service user was doing. If the correct equipment was used and adjusted correctly then that would have prevented the fall and death o f this service user. When assisting a service user with a task whether it be small or large we eternally need to carry out the task using the correct equipment, and the correct members of staff to be present. Also our full attention should be on the task at all times and aware of what the service user is doing and what is happening around them. if not doing so then this could result in the service user falling or being injured and equipment could be damaged. Carers should always carry out a visual check of the equipment prior to using and if a problem arises should not be used and reported to the relevant person.Report 2Michael Shorthouse suffered from Downs Syndrome, learning difficulties and dementia. He moved into Cedars Care Home in May 2007 but, despite hes families pleas over hes treatment, within five months his health had deteriorated so much he had to be admitted to hospital. Whilst in hospital doctors found that he was seriously dehydrated, had developed acute kidney prob lems and pressure sores, and had aspiration pneumonia, which is an inflammation of the lungs caused by breathing in foreign material alike(p) food or liquids. Michael Shorthouses condition improved once he had been transferred to hospital and then moved into a different nursing home, but later died in 2010. Cedars Care Home was reported to Social Services and the Safeguarding Adults Office (SAO) which investigated and found that there had been overall neglect in the care given to Michael. Two years after Michael was admitted to hospital, the care home hadnt improved and was given a zero-star rating in a Care Quality Commission inspection.

Being Self-Employed vs. Working for Someone Else

Being self-employed vs. working for someone else Self-employment and working for someone else has some of the said(prenominal) benefits and disadvantages. Although self-employment will allow a mortal to be his or her own boss and have endless financial possibilities, it also can be harder than working for someone else. Just because a mortal is able to work for their self, it does not mean that it will be any easier than working for someone else or even be more winnerful. Self-employment allows individuals to create his or her own chronicle, allowing flexibility in the time that will be spent working.The flexible schedule of a self-employed individual is a good benefit. save in order to be successful at it, a lot of time has to be invested in it. If time is not put into the employment, it will be difficult to maintain it. Having a flexible schedule allows the individual to have more time at home and also enables the someone to work the hours convenient for their schedule. Peo ple normally find it easier to be self-employed because they feel that the freedom of working whenever they want or feel the need to may settle the individual feel like they have power and authority they would not have working under a supervisor.However, good time trouble is essential to for self-employment. It is imperative that a mortal who is self-employed manages their time wisely and maintains themselves organized. It may take some time to get organized properly, but if the person practices how to best maintain organization with time, they will eventually come up with a work r bulge outine that best fits their work. Discipline is the key to being self-employed. If not, they diddle the risk of disorganization to the point where they will no longer be able to run their business or continue with their work.Without discipline and disorganization, the chances of financial success will be slim. Self-employment can be a financial success. There is the possibility of living preci se well when owning a business or only just work on your own. It also depends on what type of business or cargoner path the person chooses in order to work for them selves. A person must consider that there are sometimes many costs in initiating a self-owned business. Maybe start-up materials, hardware and financial management software to keep track of finances will often be needed when a person is self-employed.Organization and financial responsibility is crucial when owning a business or being self-employed. If the person that is self-employed does not manage money well, they run the risk of losing their business due to mismanagement. This will be a great disadvantage because not only is the person not able to be self-employed but they might have been out of the work orbital cavity for a long time and did not gain much experience in a field that they would go out and try to work in after they figure out that working for themselves is not going to work for them.When the person tr ies to find a job and the hiring manager sees how long they have been out of work and not enough experience, they may be hesitant to hire the individual. Working at a place of employment for someone else also has many benefits. For the most part, the employee will have a set schedule weekly and the employee will have to follow that schedule. Normal business hours are 800 a. m. to 500 p. m. unless of course the person works part-time, they work at a restaurant, a retail location, or maybe just a job that will schedule the employee when they are needed.In this case however, the employee does not set their own schedule, their supervisor, or boss will be responsible for that. There is not much flexibility with the schedules at a place of employment. While working for someone else, he or she is normally working under someone that they need to answer to and flexibility is very rare in the corporate world. A supervisor however, will take any time off needed as in vacation time, in-person and sick time. Employees are entitled to the time off when working at a place of employment.Depending on the work field and if the individual is a regular or part-time employee, the time off will be paid by the employer. The rate of pay at work place may not always be what the employee needs or is looking for. It could just be enough to make ends meet but it can also be only what the individual is looking for. Many companies require college degrees in order to make what the individual needs or should make with regards to their salary. Along with having a college degree, experience is perfectly necessary to earn top dollar.A degree does not necessarily mean that a person will be the most qualified to do the job but it does give the hiring employer that the employee they are considering has a sense of discipline, responsibility and knowledge that comes from a person with a college degree. Without the requirements, it will not be easy to stimulate the type of salary the person want s. There are instances where even if the person meets the requirements needed to obtain a gamy or decent salary, some small companies are not able to pay these high salaries even if they wanted to.That is when individual either settle for what they are offered, continue searching for a job that meets their expectations, or become self-employed. Being self employed vs. working for someone else has many of the same advantages and disadvantages. To be self-employed, an individual needs to make sure they are organized and are prepared for the overhead costs that come with either owning a business or possibly just providing for your self and not having to answer to someone else. Working for someone else is not bad.A person has to be prepared and make every effort they need to in order to be successful at their place of employment. People in life have to make choice with regards to their careers. Do they work for themselves or do they work for someone else? In the end, he or she must ch oose what makes the most sense and what he or she will know they can handle or not. Just because someone works for themselves, it does not necessarily mean that it will be easy. It can be just as hard as working for someone else.

Narrative on Culture

Culture Crossing Do you incessantly look at a comp permite stranger and immediately categorize that person? I provide be the first to admit that I kick in done so to a greater extent than I would partage to acknowledge. I was definitely raised to look down upon quite a low, especially the Jewish, in spite of what my p bents will place you. Although I was never actually told non to like or associate with a Jewish person, the adults in my family make it known that it was un containable by saying unpleasant social functions about them. I heard the Jewish would come to nice neighborhoods, take them all over, and ruin them.I also heard that they killed Jesus. It was inevitable that I too would captivate Jewish people as inferior to me. With all the bad things I heard, it only seemed natural. I imagination Jewish people were arrogant, greedy, conniving, and uneducated. I thought they should leave our country because their morality and cultural beliefs were un-American. From t he sequence I was a little girl through my early twenties I looked down upon Jewish people until I met Joel one day while I was working. It was a typical Friday at the Department of push Vehicles.It was fifteen minutes until closing time and the place was packed. I was about to call my next guest when a gip man dressed in black and white from head to toe with capacious chin-brushing curls as sideburns wearing a black hat approached my window. He was a Chasidic Jew and I was not happy. I acknowledged him. Yes? Are you going to call this ticket number? Nope. Have a seat, I say annoyed. Im sorry to have bothered you. As he was sitting back down I noticed the ticket number he had in his hands. It was a buser ticket. We stop calling dealers at 430 p. m because its time consuming.I was contemplating if I was going to tell him this or let him get wind out the hard way. There was a big sign by the ticket machine that understandably states that we dont accept dealer paperwork aft er 430 p. m. Some of my coworkers noticed him and started making fun of his clothes, yiddish idiomatic expression and, stupidity for not reading the sign. Although I tended to agree with them, I decided to be nice and assist this man because I was sick and tired of hearing my coworkers ridiculing him. He was, after all, in hearing distance. I motioned the Hasidic man up to my window with my index finger. Sir, I normally would not help you because we dont accept dealers after 430 p. m but, I see you only have one deal so I will help you just this one time. He smiled from ear to ear and thanked me. I knew from experience that Hasidic men are not allowed to touch an object at the same time as someone from the opposite sex so, I was very surprised when he handed me the written document through the bars rather than sliding them underneath the window barrier. I didnt know what to do. Should I let the paper fall to the desk? I did not want to be impolite so I took the papers from him.A fter looking at his papers I soon realized that I would be unable to work out the transaction and I de give-up the ghostred the bad news to him. Expecting the worst, I was ready for the hostile reply I commonly get from anyone I give unpleasant news to. Instead, he was polite and humble. He thanked me over and over for taking him. I was pleasantly surprised and smiled. I told him the additional papers he needed and nonetheless wished him a good evening. He was walking away when he turned and asked, What is your name? Ann I suspiciously replied. My name is Joel. Have a great weekend AnnI will see you first thing on Monday, he utter cheerfully as he walked towards the door. I wondered what was wrong with him. I had never came across a Hasidic man like him. As the metal gates lifted to the D. M. V entrance Monday morning, I noticed Joel was the first in line. He waved. Oh, geez. That was weird. My coworkers took notice of him and started to tease me. Look, theres Annies special fr iend, said one. Annies curly locks is here, snorted another. I chose to ignore their snide remarks and called him up to my window. Good Morning Ann How was your weekend? Joel asked.He placed a small tin of cookies on the counter. These are for you. They are from my brothers bakery in Brooklyn, he joyfully said as he slid the tin underneath the window bars. I told him that I couldnt accept them and thanked him. You have kids? Yes? enliven take them home to your children then, he insisted. I took the cookies and hid them in my desk draw. Thank you Joel, that was very kind of you. My children will be intimate the cookies. I hoped no one noticed the exchange. I did not want to be teased my coworkers. epoch editing and processing his paperwork, Joel started telling me jokes.They were funny but I didnt dare laugh because they were about the Jewish. non all Hasidics are extremists, Ann, he laughed. I didnt know how to respond. I never met a Hasidic man that was as friendly and talkat ive as Joel. I wondered if he was from Kiryas Joel, the village within the town of Monroe where its residents stringently observe the Torah and its commandments. If he is, Im thinking he shouldnt be talking to me like this. Hasidic men are proscribed from associating with woman who are not their wives or relatives. What if another Hasidic witnessed him talking to me? Joel, do you live in Kiryas Joel? I shyly asked. Yes, I do. Why do you ask? Um, cant you get in fuss for talking to me? I had a hard time getting the words out. I was embarrassed. I have many rules but it doesnt mean that I follow them to a T? I was intrigued. I knew little about Hasidism. I determined this would be an excellent opportunity to learn. Would you mind if I asked you questions about your religion? I quietly asked. Joel gave me permission to ask him anything. As time went on, I called him right up to my window.None of my coworkers wanted to help him anyway and, I looked forward to our conversations. I asked him questions about everything from having sex through a mares nest in the sheet to having a holiday that they are ordered to get drunk. Joel eagerly shared his experiences in detail leaving nothing out. He explained holidays, the importance of tradition, and beliefs. I learned the life of a Hasidic from birth through marriage. Joel educated me on why they dress all in black, what kind of rearing they receive, gender roles, acceptable entertainment, and any other aspect that I thought to ask him about.He explained the discipline affect to abstain mainstream American culture. When he spoke about his arranged marriage, I began to understand and respect the composition behind it. It did seem safer in the big picture because partners were picked that were good for a lifetime not short infatuations. I was amazed how open-minded I was becoming. I had gained respect for his religion and became quite fond of Joel. I saw him as a whole person rather than the Hasidic Jew I once see n. My religious and cultural upbringing fostered my ignorance.I grew up feeling superior to people outside my culture and religion because I simply didnt know any better. Meeting Joel changed my view on culture and religion. Through sharing his traditions and beliefs, I realized that other cultures interact differently and its often misconceived as rudeness, anger and, foolishness. Getting to know Joel made me see that our cultural and religious beliefs didnt make us any less or any more of a person. Based on our common humanity, I learned to respect cultural and religious diversity.

Reaction paper on “The little prince” Essay

I. Brief Summary of the BookThe story begins when the narrator look confirm his childhood life. He drew a boa constrictor digesting an elephant. He showed it to the adults he failed to get hearten with their comments. He felt bad with the grown-ups because they told him to stop his drawing c atomic number 18r, instead became a navigate, as they believe that it is the sensible intimacy to do. So he decided to became a pilot and live his life alone.One day, his plane crashed in the middle of the Sahara ravage, a thousand miles from whatever human habitation. At his first night, he went to sleep, he was alter by the odd voice came from the lilliputian boy who asked him to draw a sheep. He was surprised of what he saw. He drew the sheep that the boy wanted, but again he failed by his drawing until he came up with a box and threw out an explanation to it. That is how he made his acquaintance to the footling prince.He took him a long beat to know where he came from, but little by little he well-read that the prince came from asteroid B-612. E very(prenominal)thing in that location is small. Through their conversation, everything was revealed to him.The little prince took much c be of his major planet. He doesnt want anything done for(p) his home. One day, a rose appeared on his planet. For him, it is the nigh beautiful creature ever. He fell in love with it but he caught the rose lied to him. So he decided to sidetrack her and non to trust the rose anymore. To cure his loneliness, he went to the other planets to explore. He fix himself in the near planet where he met the queen mole rat whos clad in royal purple and ermine, which was at the same clip both simple and majestic seated upon the throne. For him, all men are further a subject.The exponent believed that he can observe over everything unconstipated the moon, the stars and the sun. Then the little prince asked him to order the sun to set. however the king cant do that just right away. S o the little prince decided to leave even though the king offered him to be a minister in his planet. He design to himself that the grown-ups are very strange. In the second planet, he met the conceited man who believed that he is the intimately handsome, best dressed, and richest and the most intelligent man in that planet. He thought that thelittle prince is just an admirer. But the little prince him move him that he is the only man in that planet. Then he leaved the conceited man with his thought that grown-ups are very odd. In the third planet, he met the tippler who lived alone with his collection of empty bottles and skilful bottles. He spent his metre in drinking just to forget the disgraced of drinking. Little prince fuddle and thought that grown-ups are very, very odd as he continued his journey.In the fourth planet, he met the businessman who was very busy that dont even notice his arrival. The businessman count the stars and compose the numbers on a paper then pu t it on his bank for so legion(predicate) years because he claimed that he own the stars. But little prince explained to him that he just wasting his time in a matter of consequences just what he did in his flower. Then he continued his journey. In the fifth planet, he met the lamplighter. It was the smallest of all but it was strange. The lamplighter was forever putting out his lamp and lightning it again. He said that he just followed the orders. The little prince thought that the lamplighter was so faithful to his orders. In the sixth planet, he met the geographer. His planet was the most magnificent but he has no way of knowing if there are mountains, rivers, or seas in planet because it is not important for him to waste his time to explore. He cant leave his desk. He just wrote on his thick book the information that the explorer gave to him. He advised the little prince to shout the earth because it has a good reputation.The seventh planet he went is the earth. He lands in th e middle of the desert and cant find any humans. Instead, he met a snake who was pleased to stay in the little prince company because he is innocent and honest in all matters and its poison can mastermind mainstay the little prince to its own home. But little prince ignored the offers and continued to explore. He then found a three-petal flower, climb the highest mountain where he found the echo that makes him confused. He also found a rose garden, which surprises and depresses him because his rose had told him that she was the only one of her kind. He met a fox whom he look afterwards and attempts to tame. He also met some humans, who retrievemed strange to him. A railway switchman who is unsatisfied, and knows peck are unsatisfied, except for children who are the only ones that know what they are looking for.And a merchant, who sells pills that, will quench thirst and save invaluable time. The story of the little prince was ended in the desert where he was with the narratorp ilot. They finally find a well to satisfied their thirst and they both agree in knowing that people didnt mold the truly grandness of life but just lead mechanical or an empty lives. However, the little prince missed his planet so much that he looked for the snake again to bite him and send him back to his planet. But before he leaved, he gave laughing stars to the narrator pilot. And the plane was able to fix then. He is confident that the little prince has returned to his asteroid. The narrator looked at the lovely and sad landscape of the desert and to the star of his freshly friend that brightly shining in the sky.II. Analysis of the books contentThe moral is the importance of looking, listening and deriveing, exploring and experiencing to find the real and true meaning of a thing. At the beginning of the story, the narrator pose out that the grown-ups doesnt see the real meaning of his drawings, instead, they just look at the surface without even understanding and knowing i ts deeper meaning. Grown-ups forgot how to notify little thing, how to understand life better, how to learn from own mistakes and how to live simply, and how to take account true friendship. This story reminds us not to be wish the grown-ups who dont care anyone, just himself. Not to be like the rose who is liar, obsessed and very demanding. Not to be like king who rules the things that shouldnt be ruled. Not to be a conceited man who is self-centered. Not to be a tippler who is nothing to do but to drink liquor forever just to remove his a attaintd of drinking.Not to be a businessman who is claimed the things that dont belong to him just to be rich. And not to be a geographer who doesnt have time to look around sees what his real world is. Instead, it tells us to be like the lamplighter who is faithful in the orders and very dedicated to do his task. To be like the pilot who admits his mistakes just because of a matter of consequences. To be like the little prince who lives simp ly, knows how to value friendship and appreciate little things. Thats what the story wants us to learn. Its better for us to look closely, listen well and understand deeply, explore somewhere and experience everything first for us know how to value life and appreciate everything without pain and destroying someone and for us not to end for such a fool.III. Relate the moral of the story to any philosophical concept I relate the moral of the story to St. Augustine on the object lesson Evil and object lesson Obligation. Moral Evil mans abuse or misuse of his freedom Evil is the very negation and privation of being and cannot be the object of matinee idols positive act of creation.The grown-ups, the king, the conceited man, the tippler, the businessman and the geographer was abused their freedom because of their wrong doings in themselves and in other creatures of God. The grown-ups dont appreciate little things and their rude comments that hurt the feelings of other people the king was greedy in power for him to rule the things that should be ruled only by God the conceited man was selfish and forgot to value people around him the businessman was not contented of what he had, he wanted to own the other creatures of God the tippler was abused his health every time he drinks liquor for his only purpose of removing his shame and the geographer that the only thing he knows is to write the information that the explorer given to him without providing a little time to look at the creations of God. These people are selfish because they just think about for their own happiness.Moral Obligation humanity must do good and avoid evil all human are responsible to their neighbors as they are to their own actions. The lamplighter, the narrator pilot and the little prince are the humans that do good and avoid evil. The lamplighter is very responsible in doing his task and faithful even though there are no other people in his asteroid except him the narrator pilot who knows h ow to discretion a stranger and value a friendship even if he will not see little prince anymore and the little prince knows how to appreciate little things, how to love all the creations of God and just like the narrator pilot, he knows also how to value a friendship.

The essay is about the game of baseball

The essay is about the back up of base eggs. It c everywheres basic rules and terms applied in baseb on the whole. sever all in ally paragraph of the paper describes a particular skip of a gimpy such a field structure, the process of the secret plan itself, the role of each team- imposter, and the frequent culture of the game.The essay is structured in such a air that gives a comprehensive and attendant picture of what is base ball about.This work is a definition essay on a team game baseball. Americans had played bat-and-ball games for decades when, in 1845, Alexander Cartwright of New York devised the rules that created modern baseball. Cartwrights game quickly became popular with cardinal-year-old clerks and urban craftsmen. By 1860, baseball had spread throughout the Northeast, and by 1870 to the rest of the nation. Now, baseball is a game made up of two teams of nine players each on a baseball field.There argon quartet bases points which must be touched by a runner i n order to score a run. Numbered counter-clockwise, first, second and third bases are cushions, sometimes informally referred to as bags, shaped as 15in (38cm) squares which are raised a short distance above the ground to chafeher with billet plate, the 4th base, they form a square with sides of 90ft (27.4m) called the diamond. Home base (plate) is a pentangular gumshoe slab known as simply home. The playing field is divided into three main sections(a) The baseball field, containing the four bases, is for general defensive purposes bounded by the foul lines and within the grass line.(b) The outfield is the grassed area beyond the infield grass line between the foul lines, and bounded by a wall or fence.(c) back down territory is the entire area outside the foul lines.The game is played in nine innings in which each team gets one gambol to bat and try to score runs while the other pitches and defends in the field. An inning is broken up into two halves in which the away team bat s in the visor (first) half, and the home team bats in the bottom (second) half.In baseball, the defense always has the ball a occurrence that antitheticaliates it from most other team sports. The teams switch every time the support team gets three players of the batten team out.The winner is the team with the most runs later nine innings. If the home team is ahead after the top of the ninth, play does not continue into the bottom half. In the case of a tie, additional innings are played until one team comes out ahead at the end of an inning. If the home team bears the hint anytime during the bottom of the ninth or of any inning thereafter, play stops and the home team is say the winner.The basic contest is always between the pitcher for the fielding team, and a slugger. The pitcher throws pitches the ball towards home plate, where the backstop for the fielding team waits (in a crouched stance) to discover it. Behind the catcher stands the home plate umpire.The batter s tands in one of the batters boxes and tries to hit the ball with a bat. The pitcher must aliment one foot in contact with the top or front of the pitchers rubber a 24 x 6 ( 61 cm x 15 cm) plate located atop the pitchers mound during the entire pitch, so he can only take one step backward and one forward in delivering the ball.The catchers job is to receive any pitches that the batter does not hit and to call the game by a series of pop off movements that signal to the pitcher what pitch to throw and where. If the pitcher disagrees with the call, he will shake off the catcher by shaking his head he accepts the sign by nodding. Each team has a different set of signals, though the number 1 is almost universal as a fast ball.The catchers role becomes more crucial depending on how the game is going, and how the pitcher responds to a given situation. Each pitch begins a new play, which might consist of nothing more than the pitch itself.Each half-inning, the goal of the defending tea m is to get three members of the other team out. A player who is out must deviate the field and wait for his next turn at bat. There are many ways to get batters and baserunners out some of the most common are catching a batted ball in the air, stigmatise outs, force outs, and strikeouts.After the fielding team has put out three players from the opposing team, that half of the inning is over and the team in the field and the team at bat switch places there is no fastness limit to the number that may bat in rotation before three outs are recorded. personnel casualty through the entire order in an inning is referred to as batting around. It is indicative of a high scoring inning. A complete inning consists of each opposing side having a turn (three outs) on offense.The goal of the team at bat is to score more runs than the opposition a player may do so only by batting, then becoming a base runner, miserable all the bases in order (via one or more plays), and finally touching home plate. To that end, the goal of each batter is to enable baserunners to score or to become a baserunner himself.The batter attempts to hit the ball into fair territory between the baselines in such a way that the defending players cannot get them or the baserunners out. In general, the pitcher attempts to prevent this by pitching the ball in such a way that the batter cannot hit it cleanly or, ideally, at all.A baserunner who successfully touches home plate after touching all previous bases in order scores a run. In an enclosed field, a fair ball hit over the fence on the fly is normally an automatic home run, which entitles the batter and all runners to touch all the bases and score. A home run hit with all bases occupied (bases loaded) is called a grand slam.ReferencesBaseball Available from http//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baseball Accessed 25 April 2007.Baseball rulles Available from www.ncaa.org/library/rules/2003/baseball_rules.pdf Accessed 25 April 2007.

Childhood Essay

reports that social variant plays a very most-valuable role in a frys upbringing beca accustom it helps determine the way a child will be elevated. In L atomic number 18aus (2003) find out she came to the conclusion that thither were two different patterns of child rear concert polish and inhering growth. Concerted cultivation is the child rearing mode that middle mark parents use nidus on non only caring for their child, but developing a personality by enrolling their children in m either incorporated activities and developing language skills (Lareau, 2003).Natural growth is the child-rearing method that working severalise and poor parents use to raise their children because there is not a lot of time and money for structured activities and long literal discussions with the children (Lareau, 2003). Families who practice natural growth child rearing practices need to focus on providing the simpler needs of the child equal providing shelter, clothing, food, and water therefore unable to have the structured activities and worry about establishing communication skills. This is important to consider because the way children are raised because this has a social impact.The children that are world raised forthwith will eventually grow up to be a part of their own society there are social impacts on the current society because of the methods of child-rearing and the consequences that these child-rearing practices are having on children with the way they interact in society, There are benefits and disadvantages to both childrearing methods report by Lareau (2010) however there are definitive differences in the childs outcome due to the childs social class and thus the method the child was raised with.In contrive cultivation children spend a lot of time with adults at structured activities and so they start to communicate with adults as relative equals. The children of concerted cultivation similarly have drawn-out and more reasoning conversations with their parents which leads them to the sense of entitlement when dealing with institutions (Lareau, 2003). Children raised with concerted cultivation had a larger separate of language skills than children raised with natural growth because they communicate longer and more often with adults.This leads to children raised with concerted cultivation having the ability to manipulate rules and thus deal with institutions easier than those of natural growth, however they also have issues figuring out how to occupy their time because they did not often do free play (Lareau, 2003). The children that are raised with natural growth have less communication skills simply because they have less subsist talk to adults (Lareau, 2003).Parents of natural growth have to worry about putting food on the table and winning care of many basic needs so when the children are spoken to its often in condensed direct phrases, without any room for questioning or discussing. The children who are raised w ith natural growth also do not have that much time spent in structured activities with adults as the children of concerted cultivation (Lareau, 2003). The children who are raised with natural growth developed what Lareau (2003) reported as constraint.Constraint was the disadvantage that natural growth children experience because of their lack of communication skills and the subordination they felt to adults. Children raised with natural growth indifferent their parents heartings of powerlessness with institutions and learned to distrust authority. These differences tend to perpetuate themselves when it comes to differences in child rearing because what class a child is raised in impacts his/her life and then when that child grows up and has children of their own the child rearing practice will most likely be used again if the child grows up to reside in the same social class.It is a cycle that continues throughout generations because children usually grow up to be in the same soc ial class they were born into and since the child rearing practices are social class based primarily the children will raise their children as they were raised. After reading Lareaus (2003) case study I had to do some reflection to figure out with method of child-rearing it was that I was raised in. My family has pass over the line from middle class to working class several times through my childhood, but predominately I feel as if I have been raised using concerted cultivation.My bugger off and father detached by the time I was seven years old. While at times living with my mother basic necessities were aphonic to come by because of her poor management of finances, my father always was middle class (I lived with him permanently from age 15 on) and I feel as if I have been raised a middle class child. Since, I was younger I now envision I was active in many structured activities such as ballet, tap, jazz, girl scouts, youth group at church service, choir, bell choir, church pl ays, cheerleading, cross-country, track, and swim team.Although I did not always think of the activities I participated in to be particularly hard on my family at the time I now realize with my brother, two sisters, and all of their activates my mother must(prenominal) have found it very hard to transport us all to our different activities. The number of activities I was involved in during my childhood shows proof of my upbringing cosmos concerted cultivation because one of the characteristics of being raised with concerted cultivation is a lot of structured activities such as the ones I participated in (Lareau, 2003).Another concept of concerted cultivation which I know I have also be successful with in my child-rearing is the better communication skills due to long discussions and reasoning with my parents (Lareau, 2003). Both of my parents have always back up my sisters, brother, and me to talk openly and voice our opinions. I did not realized it growing up, but now I underst and that the lengthy communications I had with my parents enabled me to have a larger vocabulary, good communication skills, and feel comfortable when talking to authority or adults from institutions.The sense of entitlement I feel due to my middle class upbringing makes sense because of the amount of time I spent in structured activities with adults (Lareau, 2003). The time I spent with adults as a child and the way I spoke to them made them relative equals in my perspective. This is an advantage of having a concerted cultivation middle class upbringing because I do not mistrust authority or feel subordinate to intuitions, on the contrary I feel as if they are to serve me and that I can work with institutions to get both my and the institutions needs met.It makes sense that my entitlement feelings vacate me to perform well in college and to communication effectively with all professors or staff at the college because of the experience I had dealing with institutions when I was you nger. Another concept of concerted cultivation that I have undergo in childhood has to do with social connections. Much like Lareaus (2003) case study has reported concerted cultivation raised children had weak ties with their extended family.This is true in my upbringing because while I love and sometimes talk to my extended family I seldom see them or would by any means categorize our relationships as strong kinship ties (Lareau, 2003). This I feel has been an unfortunate result of concerted cultivation because I see how some of my other cousins behave towards each other as they are so close talking everyday and meet several times a week for tiffin or dinner.I feel this is sad because while I would love to have stronger ties with my extended family I realize it is not a part of the way I was brought up because of my middleclass child-rearing. The concept of my social connections often being mostly in homogenous age groups as a child is very accurate (Lareau, 2003). Because of th e activities I participated in and the area in which I lived and went to school I predominately have friendships through activities with children much like I was at the time.

Lord of the Flies Play Essay

Lord of the Flies is a fun ab appear a group of evacuees who have had a plane crash. All the adults ar all in all of a sudden and the group of boys are now left to survive by themselves on a desert island, that at first seems like paradise. They become split into two different groups. peerless group has Ralph as their leader and they try to stay civilised and normal, just the other group lead by Jack impress like savages and at first they only kill a wild pig that is already on the island.The social influence of class mint off on the island was tapern well by the buff theatre company. It was take place to the hearing who had a higher status on the island. They used their spoken language as unmatched of the main differences. For example Piggy was from a lower class background and was therefore inferior to the embossment of them. He spoke using rattling common language and the other boys teased him because of it. He was in truth much an forbiddencast on the island and his clothes were like rags compa red ink to the Public school boys posh outfits. Piggy was never part of the group he always stood slightly on the outside of the circle.One of the cultural influences on the play was a childs capacity to murder intentionally. This came out finished with(predicate) Jack and his followers. The theatre company surfaceed that like the James Bulgier killers they thought about who and why they were going to kill. Their reasons werent good reasons but they were enough for them to decide it had to be d unmatched. They used their physical strength and power e realwhere others like bullys do. They decided the way to go and if you didnt fit in hence you would be discarded of. It was rather like the warfare that was going on in the outside gentlemans gentleman at the time where if you were a Jew you had to be destroyed. The way Jack lead his inner circle was from a very Fascist view localize.At the beginning they used Democracy to decide who was going t o be leader and Ralph was the one who was voted for. Jack was very angry with this, as he precious to be in control. He wanted total power over the rest of the group and he didnt like the way Ralph time-tested to organise everyone.In the play the characters built a muster out at the top of a pitchers mound on the island. The theatre company used a small real fire on the fix up and a small red spot light to give the audience the idea of the fire. When the fire spreads out of control they close toly just use themselves and their acting to betoken the fire. I thought this was very powerful because with the real fire on stop the audience could visualise what it would have looked like. I thought that the fire came to represent hope and survival because it was their only way of signalling to passers by where they were.They used Piggys glasses to make the fire and they were the only way they could make a fire so these in like manner be the boys survival. Whoever held the glasses was the most powerful person on the island because of what they signised and they were taken from Ralphs gang by Jack. This showed that he was more powerful and fitter than the others. The theatre company also used levels to show his status. They put his camp higher up on the stage, which demonstrates his domination and superiority. He also had the pigs head from the pig that he killed on a pole at the entrance to his camp to show off his power but also his bloodthirsty madness.At the beginning the lighting was a glossy blue in the background and a bright white in the foreground. The lighting scheme change throughout the play as the aureole became tenser. It was a shock and a strong dramatic anti-climax at the end when the extremely bright white helicopter lights came down. This symbolised the rescue and the return from darkness. White is a very clean colour which contrasted with the dirty greens and reds used for most of the play. It illustrated to the audience the change from a murderous gloom to normality. It is the realisation of what has happened to them on this island.On the first night that they stay on the island the dark red light in Ralphs camp signifies the fire and all that is attached to that. They cross-faded the darkness to show the secernate between the two gangs. There was a back projection behind the action that reflected the action that was winning place on the stage. They used the lighting to illustrate the storm and their fear by creating a lightning result in the background.Techno music was used in this play to demonstrate the savage, frantic, mad agitated and ritualistic atmosphere on the island. The most noticeable time that it was used was at the beginning of the play during the plane crash. It created tension, expected value and a climax at the very beginning to get the audience interested right from the start. They also used choir music as a symbol of who they were, their class and their innocence at the beginning. It contr asted greatly with the more sinister sounds in the second half of the play. There were lots of natural sounds used to show that they were out on their own with nature. The audience could always hear always lots of flies devising them think about the title of the play. At the end of the play there was calming chill out music to signify the end of the trauma. They used a female voice because it sounds softer, more angelic and soo intimacy.The upstanding group started the play off with this frantic, repetitive dance. This symbolised the plane crash. There was always a quick railyard during the hunts and their movements were slightly jumpy and alert like they were about to pounce on something. It showed the tension, excitement and nerves they mat up while they were out to get something.Jack is quite posh so he uses more forward-looking language compared to Piggy. He also wears a hat to show that he is the leader of the choir. This is another thing that sets him higher than the othe r characters.In the beginning their voices were quite light and jokey. It was like they werent taking their space seriously, but as the play progressed Jacks voice became sterner, stronger and slightly hysterical. Ralphs was determined but got weaker and more helpless. Piggys was always whiney and attention seeking. I thought that these were good characterisations and I probably would have done it the same, although I might have made Jack slightly meaner than he was.The choir seems very innocent at the start and they are very proud of their uniforms. They are all wearing similar quite formal things to represent their respect for their heritage and their social status. Ralphs rig out is relaxed and laid-back compared to the rests he seems more genuine and open than the Public school boys. Piggy wears scruffy rare clothes. Roger was the most savage of them at the start and he also had the least costume. Their clothes are a symbol of civilisation and culture and they try to use them to get back to reality. They clung on to uniforms for security and structure. The costumes are a strong symbol of class and divide. Jacks gang cover themselves in war paint, feathers and blood showing their savagery. It also represents their strength power and ruthlessness. The more they lost their clothes, the more they lost galvanic pile of civilisation. This is the symbol of them turning to the wild. Jacks gang lost the most clothes and they also became the most savage.This play is very much about the survival of the fittest, which is why Jack came out the best because he was willing to do anything he thought he needed to do in order to survive. The play also shows the audience that we are all savages on the inside and that we need society and rules to guide us the direction of civilisation.At the start of the performance Ralph takes up lots of space to show his confidence, but he gradually became more slumped as the play progressed, until he was a crying ball on the narrative unable to speak for himself. Jack stood tall throughout the play, which shows us that he beat Ralph both mentally and physically like a bully. Jack takes Ralphs space away from him to show his strength and fearlessness.The set design was multifunctional. The plane parts were easily moved by the actors unnoticeably during the play and could be to the audience whatever the actors imagined it to be. The wing came to represent death because it was where they killed Simon and it was tipped to create the cliff where they killed Piggy. The wing was also metallic which showed the reflected sun and the heat. They could also use the set to make noises like during the hunts. They banged it to create atmosphere and tension and they ran through it like it was the maze of the jungle.They could change the angles of the set to show the different parts of the island. Ralphs camp was on a lower floor the plane, which makes the audience think that they are hiding from Jack. The way the ripped up pla ne is always on the stage both ruins paradise and is a constant reminder of why they are there. It is also a symbol of the ugliness of what they have done and it shows the divide between the two groups. The plastic backdrop glittered and rippled to show the sea. I thought the way the set was produced by the theatre company was both effective from the audiences point of view and the actors. This is because of the way it could be changed easily and it made the audience fell like they were there too.The divide between the two gangs represented civilisation v savagery. Ralphs gang representing civilisation and Jacks gang representing savagery. They both choose their different paths and out there with no one to take germinate brute force won over the democratic ways of civilisation.Overall I thought that the Pilot theatre companys use of Drama Mediums and the Elements of Drama were very effective in communicating the themes and the social, cultural and historical influences on the play. Not only did they use these very well but I also found the performance enjoyable and interesting.

Literature Review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Literature Review - Assignment ExampleAfter Chandras mother (Lillian) is bedridden, the difficult job of caring for her falls on her shoulders. She does this challenging work and the mother at long last dies in dignity. In traditional South African culture, caring for the sick fell on the wider members of the community of interests and not just nimble relatives (Clark, 2008). This film portrays the breakdown of traditional African values in townships and their consequences for immediate relatives especially in trying moments.The film also dwells on the issue of belief in witchcraft. Traditionally, some African cultures always attributed any sickness or medical condition to black magic (Clark, 2008). Lillian is displace to a witchdoctor in the hope that the connotations she will get from the traditional doctor will heal her. tour the traditional doctor is a cheaper alternative to the expensive conventional treatment that is not affordable. Overall, the film shows how poorness le ads to desperate